Halsted’s Model of Learning

William Stewart Halsted (1852-1922)¹

INTRODUCTION

• Halsted made many contributions to surgery practice and training.^2,3
• Halsted introduced the traditional method of teaching surgery as "See one - do one - teach one" concept.⁴
• He is the co-founder of Johns Hopkins Hospital.
• Halsted's principles (Tenets of Halsted) are the basic principles of surgical technique regarding tissue handling.⁵
  

1. Gentle handling of tissue
2. Meticulous haemostasis
3. Preservation of blood supply
4. Strict aseptic technique
5. Minimum tension on tissues
6. Accurate tissue apposition
7. Obliteration of deadspace

^{Key concepts}

• Learning principles such as “Experience, Observation, Thinking and Action” as well as deliberate practice can be used to train tsudents.4
• Mentoring is an important aspect in teaching surgical technique.⁴
• Competency-based training system in surgery using standardized patients, virtual reality applications, and high-fidelity mannequin simulators has changed the traditional Halsted’s surgery training.⁶ 

^References

1. William Stewart Halsted. In: Wikipedia [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 May 13]. Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Stewart_Halsted&oldid=1218953900
2. Rankin JS. William Stewart Halsted. Ann Surg. 2006 Mar;243(3):418–25.
3. Cameron JL. William Stewart Haisted Our Surgical Heritage. Ann Surg. 1997;225(5).
4. Kotsis SV, Chung KC. Application of See One, Do One, Teach One Concept in Surgical Training. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013 May;131(5):1194–201.
5. Halsted’s principles. In: Wikipedia [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 May 13]. Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halsted%27s_principles&oldid=1140337321
6. Barnes RW, Lang NP, Whiteside MF. Halstedian technique revisited. Innovations in teaching surgical skills. Ann Surg. 1989 Jul;210(1):118–21.

This page was last updated on: 13/05/2024