APPLICATION OF IMOGENE KING’S THEORY OF GOAL
ATTAINMENT
Objectives
-
to assess the patient condition by the various
methods explained by the nursing theory
-
to identify the needs of the patient
-
to demonstrate an effective communication and
interaction with the patient.
-
to select a theory for the application according
to the need of the patient
-
to apply the theory to solve the identified
problems of the patient
-
to evaluate the extent to which the process was
fruitful.
Introduction
King’s theory offers insight into nurses’
interactions with individuals and groups within
the environment. It highlights the importance of
client’s participation in decision that
influences care and focuses on both the process
of nurse-client interaction and the outcomes of
care.
Mr.Sy (74 years) was admitted in L3 ward of
...Hospital, for a herniorrhaphy on ... for his
left indirect inguinal hernia and was expecting
discharge from hospital... the theory of goal
attainment was used in his nursing process.
Major Concepts and
Definitions
1.
Interaction
·
A process of perception and communication
·
Between person and environment
·
Between person and person
·
Represented by verbal and nonverbal
behaviours
·
Goal-directed
·
Each individual brings different knowledge ,
needs, goals, past experiences and
perceptions, which influence interaction
2.
Communication
·
Information from person to person
·
Directly or indirectly
·
Information component of interaction
3.
Perception
·
Each person’s representation of reality
4.
Transaction
·
Purposeful interaction leading to goal
attainment
5.
Role
·
A set of behaviours expected of person’s
occupying a position in a social system
·
Rules that define rights and obligations in a
position
6.
Stress
·
Dynamic state
·
Human being interacts with the environment
7.
Growth and development
·
Continuous changes in individuals
·
At cellular, molecular and behavioural levels
of activities
·
Helps individuals move towards maturity
8.
Time
·
Sequence of events
·
Moving onwards to the future
9.
Space
·
Existing in all directions
·
Same everywhere
·
Immediate environment (nurse and client
interaction)
MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS
Nursing
·
Observable behaviour
·
In health care system in society
·
Goal – to help individuals maintain health
·
Interpersonal process of action; reaction,
interaction and transaction
Person
1.
Social beings
2.
Sentient beings
3.
Rational beings
4.
Perceiving beings
5.
Controlling beings
6.
Purposeful beings
7.
Action – oriented beings
8.
Time – oriented beings
Health
·
Dynamic state in the life cycle
·
Continuous adaptation to stress
·
To achieve maximum potential for daily living
·
Function of nurse, patient, physicians, family
and other interactions
Environment
·
Open system
·
Constantly changing
·
Influences adjustment to life and health
Dynamic Interacting
Systems
·
Perception
·
Self
·
Body image
·
Growth and development
·
Time
·
Space
Interpersonal
system
Concepts
1.
Interaction, 2. Transaction 3. Communication 4.
Role 5. Stress
Social system
Concepts
1.
Organization 2. Authority 3. Power 4. Status, 5.
Decision making
ASSUMPTIONS
·
Perceptions, goals, needs and values of the
nurses and client influence interaction process
·
Individuals have the right to knowledge about
themselves and to participate in decisions that
influence their life, health and community
services
·
Health professionals have the responsibility
that helps individuals to make informed
decisions about their health care
·
Individuals have the right to accept or reject
health care
·
Goals of health professionals and recipients of
health care may not be congruent
Propositions of
King’s Theory
From
the theory of goal attainment king developed
predictive propositions, which includes:
·
If perceptual interaction accuracy is present in
nurse-client interactions, transaction will
occur
·
If nurse and client make transaction, goal will
be attained
·
If goal are attained, satisfaction will occur
·
Proposition cont…
·
If transactions are made in nurse-client
interactions, growth & development will be
enhanced
·
If role expectations and role performance as
perceived by nurse & client are congruent,
transaction will occur
·
If role conflict is experienced by nurse or
client or both, stress in nurse-client
interaction will occur
·
If nurse with special knowledge skill
communicate appropriate information to client,
mutual goal setting and goal attainment will
occur.
Theory of Goal
Attainment and Nursing Process
Assumptions
Basic assumption of goal attainment theory is that
nurse and client communicate information, set goal
mutually and then act to attain those goals, is
also the basic assumption of nursing process.
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