1. Random Sampling or Probability sampling includes all the following techniques, except:

A. Simple random sampling                       

B. Stratified random Sampling

C. Cluster sampling  

D. Purposive Sampling

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2.   Gender, age-class, religion, type of disease, and blood group are measured on __________ scale of measurement.

A. Nominal                         

B. Ordinal                           

C. Interval                          

D. Ratio

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3.  Which scale of measurement has an absolute zero?

A. Nominal                        

B. Ordinal                           

C. Interval                          

D. Ratio

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4.  The variable which is influenced by the intervention of the researcher is called:
 

A. Independent

B. Dependent

C. Discrete

D. Extraneous

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5. The statistical approach which helps the investigator to decide whether the outcome of the study is a result of factors planned within design of the study or determined by chance is called:

A. Descriptive statistics

B. Inferential statistics

C. Normal distribution

D. Standard deviation

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6. Which of the following methods is a form of graphical presentation of data?

A. Line Diagram

B. Pie diagram

C. Bar diagram

D. Histogram

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7. All the following are measures of central tendency, except:

A. Mean

B. Median

C. Mode

D. Variance

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8. Which measure of central tendency is Influenced by extreme scores and skewed distributions:

A. Mean

B. Median

C. Mode

D. Range

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9. A measure of central tendency in which is calculated by numbers arranging in numerical order is:

A.  Standard deviation 

B. Range 

C. Median

D. Mode

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10. The proportion of observations fall above the median is:

A. 68%                                 

B. 50%                                  

C. 75%                                  

D. 95%

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11.  The indices used to measure variation or dispersion among scores are all, except:

A. Range                             

B. Variance                        

C. Standard deviation    

D.  Mean

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12.  A measure of dispersion of a set of observations in which it is calculated by the difference between the highest and lowest values produced is called:

A. Standard deviation  

B. Variance                        

C. Range                             

D. Mode

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13. A statistic which describes the interval of scores bounded by the 25th and 75th percentile ranks is:

A.  Interquartile range  

B. Confidence Interval  

C. Standard deviation    

D. Variance

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14. The Median value is the:

A. 25th percentile             

B. 50th percentile           

C. 75th percentile             

D. 95th percentile

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15. Large standard deviations suggest that:

A. scores are probably widely scattered.    

B. there is very little deference among scores.

C. mean, median and mode are the same  

D. the scores not normally distributed.

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16. The formula given below is computational formula for:

A. Variance

B. Mean

C.  Standard deviation   

D. t-statistic

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17. The squire of the standard deviation is the:

A. Variance.       

B. Standard error            

C. Z-score          

D. Variance

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18. Which is NOT a characteristic of normal distribution?

A. Symmetric    

B. Bell-shaped  

C. Mean = median = mode         

D. Negative skewness

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19. Skewness is a measure:

A. of the asymmetry of the probability distribution

B. which decides whether the distribution may have high or low variance

C. of central tendency

D. None of the above

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20. The formula given below is used to calculate:

O= Observed frequency, E= Expected frequency

A. t-test statistic 

B. chi-squire statistic

C. correlation coefficient

D. Standard deviation

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